Fibers

Different types of fiber

Though they often serve similar purposes regardless of source, there are several distinct kinds of fiber. Typically, scientists divide them into two main categories: soluble fibers and insoluble fibers.

As the name suggests, soluble fiber dissolves in water, taking on a gel-like consistency. In Europe the most common soluble fibers are oligofructose and inulin. Inulins are naturally occurring polysaccharides and are typically extracted from chicory root. In addition to Inulin or oligofructose, other commonly used soluble fibers include polydextrose, soluble corn/wheat fiber and resistant dextrins. They are used for fiber enhancement, bulking and for adding mouthfeel to sugar reduced beverage systems.

The other type of fiber, insoluble fiber, does not dissolve in the stomach. Instead, insoluble fiber adds bulk and aids in the movement of material through the digestive system, making it beneficial for people who struggle with constipation and other digestive issues. This type of fiber comes from plant sources such as wheat, oat, bamboo, peas and soy.

Some high-fiber foods contain both soluble and insoluble fibers, while other contain just one type. Some fibers, such as beta-glucans come in both soluble and insoluble types. These polysaccharides occur most commonly as bran in cereal grains and cellulose in other plants.